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【新唐人2013年09月09日讯】尽管大陆 民众对延迟退休方案多数表示不赞同，中共人力资源和社会保障部一直酝酿的延迟退休方案，仍然准备出笼。外界认为，当局如此积极的推行延迟退休方案，是因为养老金账户的亏空。
据9月7号的大陆《经济观察网 》报导，中共人力资源和社会保障部的养老方案顶层设计已经成型，延迟退休方案已成定局。
其实，在今年的中共两会期间，人社部负责人就表示，延长劳动时间、延迟退休年龄肯定是趋势。
8月中旬，清华大学还公布了一份养老金顶层设计方案，其中就想把领取养老金年龄延到60~65岁。
不过，外界认为，延迟退休会使中国 的失业问题 更加加剧，甚至还会带来社会的不稳定因素。
《人民日报 》对此也表达了不满。在9月8号的《四问延迟退休》一文中引用民众的话质疑：[14个省份的养老金入不敷出，这情况太严重了，看来不想延迟退休也不行了]、[养老金是不是马上发不出来了？]
不过，人社部负责人却多次表态，养老金支付没问题，到2012年底城镇职工基本养老保险累计结余达2.3万亿元。
不过，中共社科院发布的资料显示：2011年14个省份养老金收不抵支，如果没有财政补贴，就会影响养老金发放。
《国情内参》首席研究员巩胜利表示，据原人民银行行长、社保资金理事会会长戴相龙曾经透露，社保资金被用于投资股市。巩胜利认为，过去10年中国的股市一直下行，社保资金肯定亏了。
《国情内参》首席研究员巩胜利：〝没有人能控制得了，也没有人能够监督，这是它的最大漏洞，不知道漏到哪里去了。还有就是地方政府挪用社保资金。没有监控，没有阳光化的作业，这种流失也好，亏空也好是必然。〞
2006年，上海引爆的挪用社会保障基金大案，时任福禧投资控股公司董事会主席张荣坤，从上海社会保障基金中违规借贷32亿资金，还涉及到前政治局委员、上海市委书记陈良宇、上海市宝山区区长秦裕、上海市社会保障局局长祝均一、国家统计局局长邱晓华等人。外界估计，全案的涉案金额将高达100亿元人民币以上。
美国南卡罗来纳大学艾肯商学院教授谢田：〝在上海也好，其他城市也好，大规模的、大面积的有这种挪用社保资金、退休金的现象发生。5：12——5：25只要中共独裁政权的存在，共产党的官员永远都有这个特权，在他们需要的时候欲取欲求，他就注定会去挪用这笔资金。〞
美国南卡罗来纳大学艾肯商学院教授谢田指出，在中国最大的问题是老百姓的钱交上去以后，没有人去对这笔资金公平保管和合理使用，更没有法律的限制和制衡，并且由于实行计划生育导致社会的老龄化，会使社保基金雪上加霜。
谢田：〝在美国每个人、每年都会从社会安全局收到一封信告诉你，你的社会安全帐号里有多少多少钱，你退休的话，你拿到多少钱等等。〞
在中国，在职工人因讨薪问题发生的群体事件就经常发生。
实际上，《中国青年报》社会调查中心对25311人进行的调查中，94.5%的受访者明确反对延迟退休，仅3.2%的受访者表示支持。《人民网》在2012年[延迟领养老金年龄]的调查中，45万网友参与 投票，93.3%的人反对。
有学者指出，延迟退休年龄，其实中共官员最拥护、最高兴。因为多当一年领导，自然就会有很多人来送礼，就会有很多美女来相伴。
采访/朱智善 编辑/宋风 后制/葛雷
Retirement Age Postponing: Even State-run Media Exposed the Social Security Funds Shortage
Even if the majority of people in China are against
the plan to delay retirement age,
the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Social Security Department
is still cooking plans to delay people’s retirement age.
Why do the authorities proactively push to delay
retirement age?
Even the state run media People’s Daily questioned
if pension funds will run out soon.
As reported by the website www.eeo.com.cn, the general
pension plan has been completed by the party’s human
resource department and social security department,
and retirement age will certainly be pushed back.
As a matter of fact, during the two national congresses
this year, it was indicated that working time will be prolonged and retirement age will be postponed.
In the middle of August, Tsinghua University publicized
a general design of the retirement pension plan,
in which the age people are eligible to receive
retirement pension has been postponed to age 60 to 65.
However, it was analyzed that postponing retirement age
will accelerate the unemployment in China and produce unstable factors in society.
The state-run newspaper, People’s Daily, also expressed
dissatisfaction with the retirement age postponing plan.
On September 8th, it published an article entitled,
”Four Questions Regarding Retirement Age Postponing.”
The article said, “Now, retirees cannot make ends meet
with pension in 14 provinces and the situation is very severe.
It seems that postponing retirement age is the only choice.”
It also asked, “is the pension fund running out soon?”
However, authorities from the social security department
declared many times that there are enough pension funds.
They claimed that until the end of 2012, employees’ pension
plans were over funded by 230,000,000 Chinese Yuan.
Nonetheless, based on the statistics published by
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,
retirement pension payout couldn’t have been made
without financial subsidies in 14 provinces in China.
Gong Shengli, CEO of Internal References of National
Conditions, said that Dai Xianglong, former head of Bank
of China and Board of Director of Social Security Funds,
never disclosed that social security funds
have been invested in the stock market.
Gong Shengli stated that the return in social security funds
must be negative since the stock market in China tanked over the past 10 years.
Gong Shengli: “The pension funds have never been
supervised, which is the biggest loophole.
Nobody knows where the pension money flew to.
In addition, local governments also misappropriate
retirement pension funds.
Without supervision and transparent operation,
pension funds are doomed to be operated inappropriately.”
In 2006, the embezzled social security funds case
was very sensational in Shanghai.
Zhang Rongkun, Chairman of the board of directors
of Fuxi Investment Holding Company at the time,
borrowed 32 Billion Chinese Yuan from Shanghai
Social Security Funds.
Cheng Liangyu (former committee member of Poliburo
and Secretary of Shanghai), Qin Yu (Head of Baoshan
District in Shanghai), Zhu Junyi (head of Shanghai Social
Security Office) and Qiu Xiaohua (Head of National Statistics Office) were all involved in the case.
It was estimated the total amount of money involved
in this case was as much as 100 Billion Chinese Yuan.
Xie Tian, Professor of Aiken Business School, University
of South Carolina: “In Shanghai or other cities in China,
a large amount of social security funds are embezzled
quite often.
As long as the CCP’s dictatorship exists, the party’s officials
will always have this privilege to get whatever they want
at any time and they will certainly misappropriate
social security funds.”
Xie Tian pointed out the biggest problem in China
is that
the money that ordinary people have deposited
for their retirement is not appropriately managed or used by the government.
There is no legal limitation or control on
the retirement pension fund.
The one-child policy has caused the national population age
to be older than normal level, which makes the situation even more severe.
Xie Tian: “In the United States, everybody receives a letter
from the office of social security every year, telling you
how much money you have in your social security account
and how much you can receive monthly after you retire.”
In China, group conflicts often happen when employees
ask for their salaries back that they deserve.
In fact, in the survey performed by China Youth Daily,
25,311 people answered the questionnaires.
94.5% were against postponing retirement age,
and only 3.2% support it.
In the “postponing retirement age” survey
by “www.people.com.cn”,
450,000 internet users participated and 93.3% of them
are against delaying retirement age.
Some scholars pointed out that the CCP officials
is the interest group that supports postponing retirement age the most.
For them, with one more year in office, more bribery
will take place and more beautiful girls accompanying.
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